We Shall Remain

         
   

Long before Spanish Conquistadors crossed the landscape… Before trappers followed the rivers and streams… Long before pioneering settlements dotted this region… Before anyone else would try to write their history, five principle nations of indigenous people called the Great Basin Region we now know as Utah their homeland.

 

With their own languages and dress and views of the world, with their own customs and rituals and pathways to survival, they flourished for generations in an area that would one day be called “Utah.” Theirs is the first story of people in this place. For the last two hundred years their story has struggled for survival, their language and histories in danger of being lost forever.

 

In the Spring of 2009 KUED teams with PBS to celebrate and preserve the words, the stories and the ways of the Ute, the Paiute, the Northwestern Shoshone, the Goshute and the Navajo people.

A set of KUED's We Shall Remain films about Utah tribes will  be available for retail sale through www.kued.org, the University of Utah Bookstore, and the University of Utah Press.  For more information, call Mary Dickson, We Shall Remain Project Director at KUED, 801.581.3263.

We Shall Remain…The Utah Voices

UHC is proud to be a community partner on the most ambitious primetime television series and media project on Native history ever produced.  Through a collaboration between American Experience and WGBH in Boston, and Utah’s PBS Station, KUED, We Shall Remain presents a multifaceted story of Native ingenuity and perseverance that spans more than three hundred years.  The tale of European settlement of North America has been told countless times, but never before from the perspective of the land’s original inhabitants.

 

At the heart of the project is a five-part television series that shows how Native peoples adapted and fought back—from the Wampanoag of New England in the 1600s, who used their alliance with the English to weaken rival tribes, to the bold leaders of the 1970s who harnessed the momentum of the civil rights movement to forge a Pan-Indian identity. View trailers here.

For other upcoming events related to We Shall Remain, visit www.kued.org/productions/weshallremain/upcomingEvents

 

Each national episode of We Shall Remain will be paired with a documentary of one of Utah’s five tribes, produced by KUED under the direction of Utah’s tribal leaders.  Watch the national and local documentaries (two hours of viewing time) on Channel 7 on consecutive Mondays this spring:

Schedule

 
 
Episode 1: April 13 on KUED

After the Mayflower (8:00 p.m.)
In March of 1621, in what is now southeastern Massachusetts, Massasoit, the leading sachem of the Wampanoag, sat down to negotiate with a ragged group of English colonists. Hungry, dirty, and sick, the pale-skinned foreigners were struggling to stay alive; they were in desperate need of native help.


Massasoit faced problems of his own. His people had lately been decimated by unexplained sickness, leaving them vulnerable to the rival Narragansett to the west. The Wampanoag sachem calculated that a tactical alliance with the foreigners would provide a way to protect his people and hold his native enemies at bay. He agreed to give the English the help they needed.

 

A half-century later, as a brutal war flared between the English colonists and a confederation of New England Indians, the wisdom of Massasoit’s diplomatic gamble seemed less clear. Five decades of English immigration, mistreatment, lethal epidemics, and widespread environmental degradation had brought the Indians and their way of life to the brink of disaster. Led by Metacom, Massasoit’s son, the Wampanoag and their native allies fought back against the English,nearly pushing them into the sea.

 

The Paiute (9:30 p.m.)

A thriving horticultural society, the Southern Paiute were a peaceful, foraging people whose social ties created a network that spread throughout the Western Rocky Mountains, the Colorado Plateau, and the Great Basin. But as different groups and cultures vied for control of the West, the once independent Paiute people faced unfulfilled promises, poverty, dependence and profound loss. Today, the five bands of Paiute -- Shivwits, Koosharem, Kanosh, Cedar and Indian Peaks -- unite to celebrate their restored status at an annual, inter-tribal gathering where youth have the opportunity to learn tribal cultures and traditions. 

 

Episode 2: April 20 on KUED

Tecumseh’s Vision (8:00 p.m.)
In the spring of 1805, Tenskwatawa, a Shawnee, fell into a trance so deep that those around him believed he had died. When he finally stirred, the young prophet claimed to have met the Master of Life. He told those who crowded around to listen that the Indians were in dire straits because they had adopted white culture and rejected traditional spiritual ways. For several years Tenskwatawa’s spiritual revival movement drew thousands of adherents from tribes across the Midwest. His elder brother, Tecumseh, would harness the energies of that renewal to create an unprecedented military and political confederacy of often antagonistic tribes, all committed to stopping white westward expansion.


The brothers came closer than anyone since to creating an Indian nation that would exist alongside and separate from the United States. The dream of an independent Indian state may have died at the Battle of the Thames, when Tecumseh was killed fighting alongside his British allies, but the great Shawnee warrior would live on as a potent symbol of Native pride and pan-Indian identity.

 

The Ute (9:30 p.m.)
For hundreds of years the Ute bartered or negotiated with outsiders in their territory, and fought when necessary.  They maintained their homeland and hunting grounds, which ranged across the basin and plains that would one day become Utah and Colorado and into parts of Wyoming and New Mexico. Today, many work to keep their culture and their language alive, which presents particular challenges for the young people.

 

Episode 3: April 27 on KUED

Trail of Tears (8:00 p.m.)
The Cherokee would call it Nu-No-Du-Na-Tlo-Hi-Lu, “The Trail Where They Cried.” On May 26, 1838, federal troops forced thousands of Cherokee from their homes in the Southeastern United States, driving them toward Indian Territory in Eastern Oklahoma. More than 4,000 died of disease and starvation along the way. For years the Cherokee had resisted removal from their land in every way they knew. Convinced that white America rejected Native Americans because they were “savages,” Cherokee leaders established a republic with a European-style legislature and legal system. Many Cherokee became Christian and adopted westernized education for their children. Their visionary principal chief, John Ross, would even take the Cherokee case to the Supreme Court, where he won a crucial recognition of tribal sovereignty that still resonates.

 

The Supreme Court ruling proved no deterrent to President Andrew Jackson’s demands that the Cherokee leave their ancestral lands. A complex debate divided the Cherokee Nation, with Chief Ross fighting for the Cherokee’s right to stay, and Major Ridge, a respected tribal leader, urging the tribe to move West and rebuild, going so far as to sign a removal treaty himself without the authority to do so.  Though in the end the Cherokee embrace of “civilization” and their landmark legal victory proved no match for white land hunger and military power, the Cherokee people were able, with characteristic ingenuity, to build a new life in Oklahoma, far from the land that had sustained them for generations.

 

The Navajo (9:30 p.m.)
They call themselves Diné, “ The People.”  To the rest of the world, they are known as Navajo.   Dinétah, this homeland, is the largest reservation in the United States. KUED profiles a rich culture and recounts the survival of the Diné from their origins to their present status as a "nation within a nation" and their continuing push toward true sovereignty.

 

Episode 4: May 4 on KUED

Geronimo (8:00 p.m.)
In February of 1909, the indomitable Chiricahua Apache warrior and war shaman Geronimo lay on his deathbed. He summoned his nephew to his side, whispering, “I should never have surrendered. I should have fought until I was the last man alive.” It was an admission of regret from a man whose insistent pursuit of military resistance in the face of overwhelming odds confounded not only his Mexican and American enemies, but many of his fellow Apaches as well. 

 

Born around 1820, Geronimo grew into a leading warrior and healer. But after his tribe was relocated to an Arizona reservation in 1872, he became a focus of the fury of terrified white settlers, and of the growing tensions that divided Apaches struggling to survive under almost unendurable pressures. To angry whites, Geronimo became the archfiend, perpetrator of unspeakable savage cruelties. To his supporters, he remained the embodiment of proud resistance, the upholder of the old Chiricahua ways. To other Apaches, especially those who had come to see the white man’s path as the only viable road, Geronimo was a stubborn troublemaker, unbalanced by his unquenchable thirst for vengeance, whose actions needlessly brought the enemy’s wrath down on his own people. At a time when surrender to the reservation and acceptance of the white man’s civilization seemed to be the Indians’ only realistic options, Geronimo and his tiny band of Chiricahuas fought on. The final holdouts, they became the last Native American fighting force to capitulate formally to the government of the United States.

 

The Goshute (9:30 p.m.)
The expanse of the Great Basin we now know as Western Utah and Northeastern Nevada is an area where most people cannot survive without outside assistance. It has always been home to the Shoshonne-Goship people -- The Goshutes, who today comprise two distinct sovereign nations - The Skull Valley Band of Goshute Indians Reservation and The Confederated Tribes of the Goshute Indian Reservation.  In the face of economic and environmental challenges, the Goshute's rich past gives this remarkable people fortitude.

 

Episode 5: May 11 on KUED

Wounded Knee (8:00 p.m.)
On the night of February 27, 1973, fifty-four cars rolled, horns blaring, into a small hamlet on the Pine Ridge Indian Reservation. Within hours, some 200 Oglala Lakota and American Indian Movement (AIM) activists had seized the few major buildings in town and police had cordoned off the area. The occupation of Wounded Knee had begun. Demanding redress for grievances—some going back more than 100 years—the protesters captured the world’s attention for 71 gripping days.

With heavily armed federal troops tightening a cordon around meagerly supplied, cold, hungry Indians, the event invited media comparisons with the massacre of Indian men, women, and children at Wounded Knee almost a century earlier.

 

In telling the story of this iconic moment, the final episode of WE SHALL REMAIN will examine the broad political and economic forces that led to the emergence of AIM in the late 1960s as well as the immediate events—a murder and an apparent miscarriage of justice—that triggered the takeover. Though the federal government failed to make good on many of the promises that ended the siege, the event succeeded in bringing the desperate conditions of Indian reservation life to the nation’s attention. Perhaps even more important, it proved that despite centuries of encroachment, warfare, and neglect, Indians remained a vital force in the life of America.

 

The Northwestern Shoshone (9:30 p.m.)
It was the largest slaughter of American Indians in the western history of the United States. On January 29th, 1863, from 250 to 500 Northwestern Shoshone camping by the Bear River lost their lives. In less than a day, centuries of tradition were wiped away. But the people did live on. Today the Northwestern Shoshone fight a new battle—one to keep their traditional cultural practices and language alive.

 

 
           
 

KUED is making all We Shall Remain films available to the public on DVD for community viewings. 

Check back here for a schedule of community discussions focusing on each episode in the series, led by tribal and community leaders and scholars and presented by UHC.  If you would like UHC to help you host your own discussion, please contact Jean Cheney, 801.359.9670, cheney@utahhumanities.org.    

 

Additional Resources Available Through UHC for We Shall Remain

 
   
Free Speakers Through UHC’s Public Square
Through UHC’s Public Square program, you may host a free Native American speaker to lead a discussion in your community.   Larry Cesspooch speaks about “Utah History Through Native Eyes” and Lucille Hunt shares her heritage in “The Changing Navajo.”  Visit www.utahhumanities.org/PublicSquareTopics.htm for more information about their talks and how to invite them to your community.
Books for Discussions

UHC loans sets of books (15-20 volumes in each set) to groups meeting in libraries, community centers and other public places.  We have the following fiction and nonfiction titles available in our Native American Voices collection:

 

* Ceremony – (Leslie Marmon Silko, 1977) Tells the story of how a young mixed-blood Laguna Indian returning from World War II finds his own identity through a rediscovery of Laguna traditions, his relationship with the land, storytelling, and American Indian values.


* The Crown of Columbus – (L. Erdrich & M. Dorris, 1991) To her amazement, Vivian Twostar, a single Native American working mother and a very pregnant anthropologist of uncertain tenure, has found Columbus’ legendary lost diary buried among forgotten papers in the basement of the Dartmouth Library. Lured by the wild promise of redeeming the past, characters are plunged into a harrowing race against time and death that changes all their lives forever.


Desert Wife– (Hilda Faunce, 1928) In this compelling narrative, the wife of an Indian trader adjusts to life in the desert of the Navajos before World War I. A revealing portrayal of the land and the people, and exploration of the racial differences still confronting us today.


A History of Utah’s American Indians – (Forrest Cuch, ed., 2000) In consultation with local scholars, members of each of the state’s six official tribes recount their past and reflect on their present. Brought together for the first time, these stories allow for new understanding of Utah’s native people.


The Journey of the Diné – (Ellen G. Callister, Robert Maryboy, 2004) Learn about the Navajo people, the Dine, in this beautifully presented book.   In simple, direct, and lyrical prose, the authors describe the Dine past, their traditional beliefs, their legends, and their intimate, mystical relationship with the earth.  With full color illustrations by Dine artist, Robert Maryboy, The Journey of the Dine helps readers understand the complex spirit of Navajo people.


* Laughing Boy – (Oliver La Farge, 1929) This love story, haunting in its poignancy, dramatizes a Native American culture struggling to survive amid the corruptions of an alien civilization.


* Love Medicine – (Louise Erdrich, 1984) Presents a collection of narratives by the members of several Chippewa families as they struggle to make sense of the death of one member of their community by recounting their own personal struggles for identity.


* Mean Spirit – (Linda Hogan, 1990) Brings to life one particularly traumatic moment in the history of Oklahoma’s Osage Indians, the oil boom years of the 1920s and 30s that followed the allotment period; through the experiences of Grace Blanket and those of her relatives and friends, readers are introduced to both the atrocities of that historical period and to the overwhelmingly powerful strength of traditional culture.


* Reservation Blues – (Sherman Alexie, 1996) Funny, tragic, sometimes raw, Alexie’s novel dispels stereotypes and myths of life on a contemporary Spokane Indian reservation.


The Wisdom of Native Americans – (Kent Nerburn, ed, 1999) Original speeches and teachings of 19th and 20th century Native Americans reveal beliefs on how to raise children, be a responsible person, and live in accord with nature. A rich resource of wise solutions to contemporary problems.

 

Those with an asterisk * have a study guide to accompany the title.


Request Form for Books and/or Discussion Leader (pdf)

 

Click here for a complete alphabetized book list

 

Radio Stories about Utah’s Native Americans